What is meant by the term "data breach"?

• A. Unauthorized access to confidential data resulting in exposure
• B. A natural disaster affecting data centers
• C. The process of data centralization
• D. Automated data backup failure

Answer: (A)

The term "data breach" refers to the unauthorized access to confidential data, which leads to the exposure of sensitive information. This can occur through various means, such as hacking, insider threats, or accidental disclosures. When a breach happens, it typically results in unauthorized individuals gaining access to personal, financial, or proprietary data, which can lead to significant risks, including identity theft, financial loss, and damage to an organization's reputation.

Understanding this definition is crucial in the context of IT security, as it highlights the importance of implementing robust security measures to protect data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Organizations must develop risk management strategies that encompass prevention, detection, and response actions to mitigate the impact of potential data breaches.